About the weather in the USA I know that zero degrees is very cold and 100 degrees very hot. In order to know more accurately these temperatures, I have made the following functions with test program.
The conversion is done in two steps. First the temperature is converted to the Celsius scale, after which the conversion is made to one of the seven other temperature scales.
The required formulas have been found at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversio ... emperature
Code: Select all
'Temperature conversion, by Dutchman, October 2018
' functions for iConvert
'
'===== Presets =====
OPTION BASE 1
'===== Constants ====
Tscale$="Temperature"
Tscales=8
Temperatures:
DATA "Celsius [°C]", "Delisle [°D]", "Fahrenheit [°F]", "Kelvin [K]", "Newton [°N]", "Rankine [°Ra]", "Réamur [°Re]", "Rømer [°Rø]"
DATA 1,5,3,2,6,4,7,8 ' unit-pointers
'
'===== Main ====
RESTORE TO Temperatures
GOSUB LoadArrays
'--- scan all conversions
Selp=1
FOR Selq=2 TO Tscales
Invalue=40
Outvalue=FromCelsius(Celsius(Invalue,measureval(selp)),measureval(selq))
PRINT Invalue&Tstring$(selp)&" = "&outvalue&Tstring$(selq)
'--- reverse conversion
Invalue=outvalue
Outvalue=FromCelsius(Celsius(Invalue,measureval(selq)),measureval(selp))
PRINT " "&Invalue&Tstring$(selq)&" = "&outvalue&Tstring$(selp)
NEXT Selq
END
'====== Functions and Subroutines ======
'
DEF FromCelsius(Value, UnitPointer)
'Converts Value on Unit-scale to Celsius-scale
' to newvalue in scale of Unitpointer
ON UnitPointer GOTO 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
1 RETURN Value 'Celsius
2 RETURN Value+273.15 'Kelvin
3 RETURN Value*9/5+32 'Fahrenheit
4 RETURN (Value+273.15)*9/5 'Rankine
5 RETURN (100-Value)*3/2 'Delisle
6 RETURN Value*33/100 'Newton
7 RETURN Value*4/5 'Réamur
8 RETURN Value*21/40+7.5 'Rømer
END DEF
'
DEF Celsius(Value,UnitPointer)
'Converts Value in Unit to new value in Celsius
ON UnitPointer GOTO 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
1 RETURN Value 'Celsius
2 RETURN Value-273.15 'Kelvin
3 RETURN (Value-32)*5/9 'Fahrenheit
4 RETURN (Value-491.67)*5/9 'Rankine
5 RETURN 100-Value*2/3 'Delisle
6 RETURN Value*100/33 'Newton
7 RETURN Value*5/4 'Réamur
8 RETURN (Value-7.5)*40/21 'Rømer
END DEF
'
LoadArrays:
DIM measure$(Tscales)
DIM measureval(Tscales)
FOR i= 1 TO Tscales
READ Measure$(i)
NEXT i
FOR i= 1 TO Tscales
READ MeasureVal(i)
NEXT i
RETURN
'
DEF Tstring$(nr)
' string with or without °
s$=.measure$(nr)
IF INSTR(s$,"Kelvin")>0 THEN RETURN " "&s$ ELSE RETURN "° "&s$
END DEF
- Screenshot 1.JPG (54.04 KiB) Viewed 3626 times
The DATA line for values (for array 'measureval()') is now used for pointers to the correct formula.
The category is referred to as the variable Tscale$, so that it can be used to detect the correct conversion method.
The conversion itself is moved to the subroutine 'Convert' because then no complex IF ... ELSE constructions are required for multiple choices. The selected calculation can there simply be terminated with the command RETURN.
The changes are marked with a red background in the editor.
Code: Select all
/*
'r'
iConvert V3.1 with temperature category
''
by rbytes and Dutchman, October 2018
Converts measurements in many categories.
A collaborative international project.
'r'
V…-…
- Temperature category added by Dutchman
''
V3
- Currency category added by Dutchman
DATA generated with "Update currencies.sb"
V2
- animation added to title
(plays only once, at launch)
- measures added in most categories
- scientific notation is now used for
results larger than 100,000,000 or
smaller than .00000001
V1.1
- added Horsepower (Metric) to
Power category
- eliminated >>> button;
calculation is now automatic
when list selections or
input values are changed.
- code efficiency improved
*/
OPTION BASE 1
SET ORIENTATION LANDSCAPE
SET BUTTONS CUSTOM
SET TOOLBAR OFF
laun$=LAUNCHER$()
GET SCREEN SIZE sw,sh
' set to 1 to test iPhone layout on iPad
iostest=0
IF iostest THEN
sw=568
sh=320
dev$=""
ENDIF
rw=sw/1024!rh=sh/740
' *** Note - IP address may change if router is rebooted ***
' run ipconfig on your PC to find its IP address.
URL$="192.170.61.43" ' example of IP address
DIM h$(2)
' each line of a file sent to a PC print server must end with these characters:
cr$=CHR$(13) ' carriage return character
lf$=CHR$(10) ' line feed character
' interface object names
x$="guide"
y$="guide2"
n$="title"
o$="category"
p$="from"
q$="to"
pi$="from_in"
qi$="to_in"
qi2$="cover"
lf$=CHR$(10)
q$=CHR$(34)
cat=1 ' default category (area)
invalue=1
upshift=7
' correction for iPad display only
IF rw=1 then shift=10
' correction for non-iPad display only
IF rw<1 then shift2=75
fm$="##,###,###,###,###,###,###.#######" ' formats the result with commas
fm2$="####################.#######" ' formats the result without commas
' number of measures in each category
'r'
cats=14
''
DIM cat$(cats)
area=9
cook=9
dat=8
energ=12
leng=13
prefix=21
pow=12
press=13
spd=11
'r'
Tscales=8 ! Tscale$="Temperature"
''
timing=10
vol=12
wgt=10
toba=10
' include constant 'Valuta' and 'currencies:' data
{currencies.data}
GRAPHICS
GRAPHICS CLEAR .9,1,1
' animate title if gif animation file exists
A$="iconvert3.GIF"
IF FILE_EXISTS(A$) THEN
SPRITE N$ LOAD A$
SPRITE N$ AT sw/3-shift2,sh/60+3*shift scale 1*rh
SPRITE N$ SHOW
ELSE
DRAW IMAGE "iconvert.PNG" AT sw/2.8,sh/20 SCALE .8*rw
ENDIF
' read categories
RESTORE TO Categories
FOR t=1 TO cats
READ cat$(t)
NEXT t
RESTORE TO area ' default category
items=area
DIM measure$(items)
GOSUB setcategory
' create three lists
SET LISTS FONT SIZE 18*rw
LIST o$ TEXT cat$ AT sw*.1,260*rh SIZE 240*rw,310*rh
LIST o$ SELECT cat
LIST p$ TEXT measure$ AT sw*.385,260*rh SIZE 240*rw,310*rh
LIST p$ SELECT 1
LIST q$ TEXT measure$ AT sw*.672,260*rh SIZE 240*rw,310*rh
LIST q$ SELECT 1
' create fields and buttons
SET BUTTONS FONT SIZE 20*rw
DRAW COLOR 0,0,0
guide$="Pick from each list"&lf$&"Enter quantity here"
DRAW LINE sw*.26,168*rh TO sw*.392,168*rh
FILL COLOR 0,0,0
FILL CIRCLE sw*.39,168*rh SIZE 3*rw
FILL COLOR 1,1,1
FIELD x$ TEXT guide$ AT sw*.1,132*rh-upshift SIZE 250,60 RO ML
FIELD x$ FONT SIZE 18*rw
FIELD x$ BACK ALPHA 0
guide2$="All lists can be scrolled"
DRAW LINE sw*.096,618*rh TO sw*.38,618*rh
DRAW LINE sw*.63,618*rh TO sw*.91,618*rh
FIELD y$ TEXT guide2$ AT sw*.41,600*rh-upshift*.8 SIZE 250,60 RO ML
FIELD y$ FONT SIZE 18*rw
FIELD y$ BACK ALPHA 0
FIELD o$ TEXT "CATEGORY" AT sw*.115,210*rh SIZE 130,30 RO
FIELD o$ FONT SIZE 20*rw
FIELD o$ BACK ALPHA 0
FIELD p$ TEXT "FROM" AT sw*.405,210*rh SIZE 100,30 RO
FIELD p$ FONT SIZE 20*rw
FIELD p$ BACK ALPHA 0
FIELD q$ TEXT "TO" AT sw*.69,210*rh SIZE 70,30 RO
FIELD q$ FONT SIZE 20*rw
FIELD q$ BACK ALPHA 0
'BUTTON "calc" TEXT ">>>" AT sw*.62,150*rh SIZE 60*rw,30*rw
FILL ALPHA 0
BUTTON "copy" TEXT "COPY" AT 285*rw,650*rh SIZE 100*rw,50*rh
BUTTON "print" TEXT "PRINT" AT 405*rw,650*rh SIZE 100*rw,50*rh
BUTTON "save" TEXT "SAVE" AT 525*rw,650*rh SIZE 100*rw,50*rh
BUTTON "stop" TEXT "STOP" AT 645*rw,650*rh SIZE 100*rw,50*rh
FILL ALPHA 1
FIELD pi$ TEXT "1" AT sw*.400,150*rh SIZE 200*rw,30*rh
FIELD pi$ FONT SIZE 18*rw
FIELD qi$ TEXT "1" AT sw*.640,145*rh SIZE 280*rw,40*rh
FIELD qi$ FONT SIZE 22*rw
FIELD qi2$ TEXT "" AT sw*.640,145*rh SIZE 280*rw,40*rh RO
FIELD qi2$ BACK ALPHA 0
FILL COLOR .6,.8,.8
FILL RECT sw*.395,145*rh TO sw*.6,185*rh
FILL COLOR .8,.8,.8
FILL RECT sw*.635,140*rh TO sw*.92,190*rh
DRAW RECT sw*.1-1,258*rh TO sw*.1+240*rw+1,258*rh+312*rh
DRAW RECT sw*.386-2,258*rh TO sw*.386+240*rw,258*rh+312*rh
DRAW RECT sw*.673-2,258*rh TO sw*.673+240*rw,258*rh+312*rh
timer=time () ' set timer to stop title anim after one cycle
' main program loop
DO
' play once, then stop animation
IF time()-timer>1 AND time()-timer <2 and not noplay THEN
IF FILE_EXISTS(A$) THEN SPRITE N$ PLAY
noplay=1
ENDIF
IF time()-timer>6 AND time()-timer <7 THEN
IF FILE_EXISTS(A$) THEN SPRITE N$ STOP
ENDIF
' check which category is selected
type=LIST_SELECTED(o$)
' choose and prepare a new category if necessary
IF type<>cat THEN
cat=type
changed=1
'r' address 95 added
ON cat GOTO 10,20,25,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,95,100,110,120
''
10 RESTORE TO area
items=area
GOTO skip
20 RESTORE TO cooking
items=cook
GOTO skip
25 RESTORE TO currencies
items=curr
GOTO skip
30 RESTORE TO DATA
items=dat
GOTO skip
40 RESTORE TO energy
items=energ
GOTO skip
50 RESTORE TO length
items=leng
GOTO skip
60 RESTORE TO prefixes
items=prefix
GOTO skip
70 RESTORE TO power
items=pow
GOTO skip
' use the next two lines to show a category not yet ready
' gosub tobe ' measure name
' goto skip
80 RESTORE TO pressure
items=press
GOTO skip
90 RESTORE TO speed ' speed
items=SPD
GOTO skip
95 RESTORE TO Temperatures
items=Tscales
GOTO Skip
100 RESTORE TO timing ' time
items=timing
GOTO skip
110 RESTORE TO Volume
items=vol
GOTO skip
120 RESTORE TO weight
items=wgt
GOTO skip
''
skip:
GOSUB setcategory
LIST p$ TEXT measure$
LIST p$ SELECT 1
LIST q$ TEXT measure$
LIST q$ SELECT 1
FIELD pi$ TEXT "1"
ENDIF
IF LIST_SELECTED(p$)<>selp or LIST_SELECTED(q$)<>selq then changed=1
' calculate the conversion
if VAL(FIELD_TEXT$(pi$))<>invalue or changed then
invalue=VAL(FIELD_TEXT$(pi$))
selp=LIST_SELECTED(p$)
selq=LIST_SELECTED(q$)
'r'
GOSUB Convert ' calculate OutValue
''
if outvalue<100000000 and outvalue>.000000001 then
out$=STR$(outvalue,fm$)
out2$=STR$(outvalue,fm2$)
format(out$)!out$=format.form$
format(out2$)!out2$=format.form$
else
out$=STR$(outvalue)
endif
fsize=22*rw
FIELD qi$ FONT SIZE fsize
FIELD qi$ TEXT out$
FIELD qi2$ TEXT ""
ENDIF
' copy the conversion info to clipboard
IF bp("copy") THEN
GOSUB compile
IF cp=0 THEN!CLIPBOARD CLEAR!cp=1!ENDIF
CLIPBOARD WRITE convert$
BEEP
ENDIF
' print the conversion info
IF bp("print") THEN
GOSUB compile
h$(1) = "content-type:text/html" ' make header info
h$(2) = "content-length:" & LEN(convert$)
' print convert$ using Henko print technique
HTTP URL$ HEADER H$ POST convert$ ' send doc to the print server
BEEP
ENDIF
' save the conversion info to a file
IF bp("save") THEN
GOSUB compile
fname$="converted.txt"
IF FILE_EXISTS(fname$) THEN FILE fname$ DELETE
FILE fname$ WRITELINE convert$
BEEP
ENDIF
' end the program
IF bp("stop") THEN
IF laun$="desktop" THEN
IF FILE_EXISTS("/launch") THEN
RUN "/-Launch.sb"
ELSE
EXIT
ENDIF
ENDIF
END
ENDIF
SLOWDOWN
UNTIL 0
END
'r'========== Subroutines and Functions =============
Convert:
'--- Convert via formula
' temperature
IF Cat$(cat)=Tscale$ THEN
Outvalue=FromCelsius(Celsius(Invalue,measureval(selp)),measureval(selq))
RETURN
ENDIF
'--- Convert via ratio
outvalue=invalue*1/(measureval(selq)/measureval(selp))
RETURN
' temperature conversion
DEF FromCelsius(Value,UnitPointer)
'Converts Value on 'Unit'-scale to Celsius-scale
' to newvalue in scale of Unitpointer
ON UnitPointer GOTO 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
1 RETURN Value 'Celsius
2 RETURN Value+273.15 'Kelvin
3 RETURN Value*9/5+32 'Fahrenheit
4 RETURN (Value+273.15)*9/5 'Rankine
5 RETURN (100-Value)*3/2 'Delisle
6 RETURN Value*33/100 'Newton
7 RETURN Value*4/5 'Réamur
8 RETURN Value*21/40+7.5 'Rømer
END DEF
'
DEF Celsius(Value,UnitPointer)
'Converts Value in 'Unit' to new value in Celsius
ON UnitPointer GOTO 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
1 RETURN Value 'Celsius
2 RETURN Value-273.15 'Kelvin
3 RETURN (Value-32)*5/9 'Fahrenheit
4 RETURN (Value-491.67)*5/9 'Rankine
5 RETURN 100-Value*2/3 'Delisle
6 RETURN Value*100/33 'Newton
7 RETURN Value*5/4 'Réamur
8 RETURN (Value-7.5)*40/21 'Rømer
END DEF
''
' read the data for a category
setcategory:
DIM measure$(items)
FOR t=1 TO items
READ measure$(t)
NEXT t
DIM measureval(items)
FOR t=1 TO items
READ measureval(t)
NEXT t
RETURN
' prepare a string showing the conversion, for copying or saving to a file
compile:
selp=LIST_SELECTED(p$)
selq=LIST_SELECTED(q$)
temp1$=measure$(selp)
temp2$=measure$(selq)
' if a value is 1 or a fraction, change the name from plural to singular
convin=val(FIELD_TEXT$(p$))
temp1len=LEN(temp1$)
IF convin=<1 AND RIGHT$(temp1$,1)="s" THEN temp1$=LEFT$(temp1$,temp1len-1)
IF VAL(out2$)=<1 AND RIGHT$(temp2$,1)="s" THEN temp2$=LEFT$(temp2$,LEN(temp2$)-1)
convert$&=FIELD_TEXT$(pi$)&" "&temp1$&" = "&FIELD_TEXT$(qi$)&" "&temp2$
convert$&=cr$&lf$&FIELD_TEXT$(pi$)&" "&temp1$&" = "&out2$&" "&temp2$&cr$&lf$&cr$&lf$
RETURN
' this subroutine is used when adding a new category, until its data is complete.
tobe:
RESTORE TO tba
items=toba
DIM measure$(items)
GOSUB setcategory
RETURN
' shortcut for button press
DEF bp(a$) = BUTTON_PRESSED(a$)
' remove scientific notation before displaying result
DEF format(form$)
WHILE LEFT$(form$,1)=" " OR LEFT$(form$,1)=","
form$=RIGHT$(form$,LEN(form$)-1)
' trim leading spaces and separators
ENDWHILE
IF INSTR (form$, ".") THEN ' if form$ has a decimal point
IF NOT numpad.curr THEN
' trim trailing zeros
WHILE RIGHT$(form$,1)="0"
form$=LEFT$(form$,LEN(form$)-1)
ENDWHILE
IF RIGHT$(form$,1)="." THEN
form$=LEFT$(form$,LEN(form$)-1)
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDIF
END DEF
/*
Conversion Data
The technique I use to calculate conversions is to choose a reference measure in the middle of the range and set its value to 1. All other measures are then assigned numbers representing the ratio of their value to the reference measure's value.
*/
Categories:
DATA "Area", "Cooking", "Currency "&CurrDate$ ,"Data", "Energy", "Length", "Prefixes", "Power", "Pressure", "Speed"
'r'
DATA Tscale$, "Time", "Volume", "Weight"
''
Area:
DATA "Acres", "Square Kilometers", "Hectares", "Square Meters", "Square Centimeters", "Square Miles", "Square Yards", "Square Feet", "Square Inches"
DATA 4046.85642, 1000000, 10000, 1, .0001, 2589988.110266, .8361273, .0929030, .000645159722
Cooking:
DATA "Centiliters", "Cups (CD)", "Fluid Ounces (CD)", "Liters", "Milliliters", "Pints (CD)", "Quarts (CD)", "Tablespoons", "Teaspoons"
DATA .35195,8,1,35.195079,.035195,20,40,.520421,.1734737
Data:
DATA "Bits", "Bytes", "Words", "Kilobytes", "Megabytes", "Gigabytes", "Terabytes", "Petabytes"
DATA .000125, .001, .008, 1, 1000, 1000000, 1000000000, 1000000000000
Energy:
DATA "BTU", "Calories", "Cubic Mile of Oil", "Foot Pounds", "Horsepower Per Hr", "Joules", "KiloJoules", "KiloCalories", "Kilowatt Hours", "Kilotons", "MegaJoules", "Therms (US)"
DATA 251.99576, 1, 38334721315564331336, .32404825, 641615.559278, .23900573, 239.00573, 1000, 860420.6501033, 999999974320, 239005.7299999, 25210420.65043
Length:
DATA "Ångströms","Centimeters", "Fathoms", "Feet", "Furlongs (US)", "Inches", "Kilometers", "Meters","Mils", "Miles", "Millimeters", "Nanometers", "Yards"
DATA .00000001, 1, 182.88, 30.48, 20116.8, 2.54, 100000, 100, .00254, 160934.39999, .1, .0000001, 91.44
Power: '12 items
DATA "Watts","Kilowatts", "Megawatts", "Gigawatts", "Terawatts", "Horsepower (IT)", "Horsepower (Metric)", "Moosepower", "Calories per Hour", "BTU per Hour", "Foot Pounds per Hr", "Tons Refrigeration"
DATA 1,1000, 1000000, 1000000000, 1000000000000, 745.69987, 756.042476, 2438.4385749, 0.0011629, 2930710000, 3766160000, 3516.8
Prefixes:
DATA "yotta", "zetta", "exa", "peta", "tera", "giga", "mega", "kilo", "hecto", "deca", "none", "deci", "centi", "milli", "micro", "nano", "pico", "femto", "atto", "zepto", "yocto"
DATA 1000000000000000000000000, 1000000000000000000000, 1000000000000000000, 1000000000000000, 1000000000000, 1000000000, 1000000, 1000, 100, 10, 1, .1, .01, .001, .000001, .000000001, .000000000001, .000000000000001, .000000000000000001, .000000000000000000001, .000000000000000000000001
Pressure:
DATA "Bars", "Millibars", "Pascals", "HectoPascals", "KiloPascals", "MegaPascals", "Atmospheres", "Pounds per Sq. Foot", "Pounds per Sq. Inch", "Inches of Water", "Inches of Mercury", "Centimeters of Water", "Centimeters of Mercury"
DATA 1000, 1, .01, 1, 10, 10000, 1013.250099, .47880258, 68.947572, 2.490889, 33.864, .98066496, 13.332283459
Speed:
DATA "Feet per Second", "Feet per Minute", "Furlongs per Fortnight", "Inches per Second", "Kilometers per Hour", "Kilometers per Sec.", "Knots", "Miles per Hour", "Miles per Second", "Speed of Light", "Speed of Sound"
DATA 1.09728, .018288, .000598715, .09144, 1, 3600, 1.8519999, 1.609349, 5793.638399, 1079252848.794, 1225.0439999
'r'
Temperatures:
DATA "Celsius [°C]", "Delisle [°D]", "Fahrenheit [°F]", "Kelvin [K]", "Newton [°N]", "Rankine [°Ra]", "Réamur [°Re]", "Rømer [°Rø]"
DATA 1,5,3,2,6,4,7,8 ' unit-pointers
''
Timing:
DATA "Milliseconds", "Seconds", "Minutes", "Hours", "Days", "Weeks", "Fortnights", "Months", "Years", "Leap Years"
DATA .00001666666, .01666666, 1, 60, 1440, 10080, 20160, 43800, 525600, 527040
Volume:
DATA "Cubic Centimeters", "Cubic Feet", "Cubic Inches", "Cubic Yards", "Cups (CD)", "Fluid Ounces (CD)", "Gallons (CD)", "Gallons (US)", "Liters", "Milliliters", "Pints (CD)", "Quarts (CD)"
DATA 1,28316.84659,16.3871,764554,284.130625,28.4131,4546.08999,3785.411784,1000,1,568.26125,1136.5225
Weight:
DATA "Grams", "Kilograms", "Ounces", "Ounces (troy)", "Pounds", "Grains", "Tonnes (metric)", "Tons (US short)", "Long Tons (UK)", "Stones"
DATA .0022046226, 2.2046226, .0625, .0685714, 1, 10, 2204.62262184, 2000, 2240, 14
' this routine is used when adding a new category, until its data is entered.
TBA:
DATA "To Be Added","","","","","","","","",""
DATA 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1
- Screenshot 2.JPG (56.6 KiB) Viewed 3626 times
